What is the sandwich approach to debriefing?

• A. Positive feedback, correction/negative point, then positive feedback
• B. Correction first, then negative feedback, then positive
• C. Negative feedback only, then exit
• D. No feedback

Answer: (A)

The sandwich approach to debriefing centers on delivering feedback in three parts: start with what went well, then provide corrective, specific guidance on what to improve and how, and finish with positive remarks or encouragement. This order helps keep the learner receptive, reduces defensiveness, and reinforces confidence while clearly addressing performance gaps. Starting with correction first can feel harsh and provoke defensiveness, and giving only negative feedback or no feedback at all misses the opportunity to reinforce strengths and support learning. By opening and closing with positive feedback and placing the corrective input in the middle, the debrief remains constructive and actionable.